instance method

Hash#except

(*K) -> ::Hash[K, V]

except(*keys) → new_hash

static VALUE
rb_hash_except(int argc, VALUE *argv, VALUE hash)
{
    int i;
    VALUE key, result;

    result = hash_dup_with_compare_by_id(hash);

    for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
        key = argv[i];
        rb_hash_delete(result, key);
    }
    compact_after_delete(result);

    return result;
}

Returns a copy of self that excludes entries for the given keys; any keys that are not found are ignored:

Example

h = {foo:0, bar: 1, baz: 2} # => {:foo=>0, :bar=>1, :baz=>2}
h.except(:baz, :foo)        # => {:bar=>1}
h.except(:bar, :nosuch)     # => {:foo=>0, :baz=>2}

Related: see Methods for Deleting.

Ruby version changes

3.0
- Hash#except has been added, which returns a hash excluding the given keys and their values. [Feature #15822]

See also #eql? #fetch #empty? #fetch_values also in 4.1 · 3.4 · 3.3 · 3.2 · 3.1 · 3.0

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